In 1800, Thomas Jefferson becomes the 3rd president of the U.S. An anti-federalist (democratic-republican), Jefferson believed in reducing the power & size of the federal government. This is called "laissez-faire" which means "hands off." Jefferson believed that farming should be the primary strength and focus of the U.S. economy and he favored acquiring more land through westward expansion. With his Sect. of State, Albert Gallatin, Jefferson lowered the national debt. We discussed the Judiciary Act of 1801, John Marshall, Marbury v. Madison and the principles of judicial review. In 1800 the U.S. extended only as far west as MS. Owned by Spain, and then France, the area to the west of the MS River was the Louisiana Territory. In 1804, enslaved Africans, led by Toussaint Louverture successfully revolted against France and established Haiti. This event, along with Napoleon's need for $ to finance war with Britain led the French to sell the Louisiana Territory to the U.S. for $15 million.This is followed by the Lewis & Clark expedition (1804/06) and Zebulon Pike's expeditions (1805/07) out west. New Western lands cause some political division. We discussed the feud between Aaron Burr & Alexander Hamilton. The American shipping industry strengthened and profited from war between Britain & France in the 1790s. In 1804 Barbary pirates seized a U.S. warship off the coast of Tripoli & the U.S. had to pay a ransom on $60,000. Jefferson won reelection in 1804. By then, the U.S. had doubled in size & foreign trade was thriving. U.S.policy was to remain neutral in the war between France & Britain. In 1805, Britain began a policy of impressment.