For the remainder of his presidency Hoover was plagued by opposition. His detractors coined the name "Hoovervilles" for shantytowns where homeless Americans lived. While Hoover did not cause the Great Depression, his policies exacerbated its effects on the American economy. Hoover campaigned for reelection in 1932, but was defeated by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, who promised short and long-term economic support for Americans who had lost jobs, homes, and resources. Roosevelt's activist policies were called The New Deal - legislation that created programs and agencies aimed at alleviating the effects of the Great Depression. The First New Deal was created and implemented during the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. At the time, the First New Deal was the largest expansion of the powers and scope of the United States Federal Government. For the first time, agencies and programs were being started that addressed the economic and social needs of Americans brought on by the Great Depression. While some of the New Deal programs, like the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA), were seen as a failure, others like the Social Security Act were successful at the time.