The Marshall Plan was made by Secretary of State George Marshall to oversee the European Recovery Program. The Marshall Plan delivered billions of dollars of food, fuel, and other supplies to European allies. The U.S. did attempt to help some eastern European nations but was often blocked by the Soviets. The Marshall Plan was overall a huge success. Western Europe was able to rebuild itself and remain strong against communist threats from the Soviet Union. The Soviets, worried about losing influence in Berlin, created a yearlong blockade in Berlin forcing the Allies to come up with the Berlin Airlift to supply the millions of Western Berliners. Flying through neutral air corridors into West Berlin, Operation Vittles, the codename for the Berlin Airlift, began on June 26, 1948. The airlift was a huge success in proving that the Allies could continue to resupply West Berlin indefinitely. The Berlin Airlift lasted a little under a year, from June 24, 1948, until the Soviets lifted the blockade on May 12, 1949. The outcome of the airlift was the creation of East and West Germany as nations, the formation of NATO and the Warsaw Pact, and the ongoing struggle between communism and capitalism.