Define and discuss how species richness and species evenness are used to determine species diversity in an ecosystem. Use photographs and examples of each. Discuss the effects of human activity on each, and by extension, on diversity.
Introduce module 15, "How evolution creates diversity". Elicit a definition of evolution and the meaning of microevolution and macroevolution. Define speciation. Discuss how genes are involved in speciation. Introduce the terms genotype and phenotype. Examine the changes which take place in the DNA molecule in order for a mutation to exhibit. Define a mutation and discuss some historical mutations caused by drugs and radiation.