We studied how the author employs irony, understatement, and symbolism in the novel. Kaitlin did well in recognizing the use of dramatic irony as the author describes the Jewish community as continuing to "smile" as Nazis force them into ghettos , as the reader knows the tragic outcome the people are yet to realize. I then provided instruction on symbolism noting that the author uses the word "night" not literally. Kaitlin did well recognizing how. the word "night" means something darker and more evil each time the word is used and foreshadows death. Kaitlin also raised and discussed the naivety of the Jewish community even as they face severe restrictions and persecution . We explored why this insular community was oblivious to what to us today appears their obvious tragic end.