James Madison was President from 1809 - 1817. Re-cap of the War of 1812, Congress charts the 2nd Bank of the U.S. in 1816, growth of the U.S. textile industry, Congress passes protective tariff law in 1816, Ohio becomes a state in 1803, and construction of the first national road along the Potomac River from Cumberland, MD to Wheeling, W. VA along the Ohio River begins in 1811. Steamboats begin to traverse the Great Lakes and large eastern rivers. Great migrations west begin in the early 19th century. Cotton plantations move further west and thrive in Alabama and Mississippi. All of this leads to what white Americans refer to as the "Era of Good Feelings" in the 1820s. James Monroe becomes president in 1818.