Discuss typical prokaryotic structures, in general. Discuss the coiled chromosome, the plasmid and the bacterial capsules functions. View images of gram positive and gram negative bacteria and define the distinct types. Introduce reproduction by binary fission and conjugation. Discuss how conjugation will allow for diversity and transmission of antibiotic resistance to non resistant bacteria. Define pathogens and two general methods by which bacteria can cause disease.

From a series of prepared slides view the 3 major shapes of bacteria. These would include Bacillus, Cocci, and Spirilla.

Define and discuss prokaryotes as unicellular organisms without nuclei and DNA contained in the cytoplasm.
Differentiate the two distinct domains, bacteria and archaea. Discuss the general structure of bacteria and view these structures from an image. View an archaea image and discuss general structure and habitat.

Define a prion. Discuss the change in shape of a protein due to a genetic mutation, from coiled to folded. Introduced that they were first observed in Sheep brain and cause damage to the Central Nervous System. Use diagrams to indicate that they form a spongiform encephalopathy in the sheep. Discuss the variant which was detected in cows causing Mad Cow Disease. Discuss in humans the sponge like appearance of the brain in Creutzfeldt-Jacobs Disease caused by uncoiled protein molecules. Relate how thousands of beef cattle were killed to prevent the spread of CJD to humans. Briefly discuss the HIV virus as a pandemic.

Outline and discuss a lysogenic infection and compare to a lytic infection. Introduce RNA viruses which cause a range of infections. Discuss the "common" cold virus and how it infects a host. Discuss the HIV virus as a retrovirus with RNA producing DNA rather than the opposite. Discuss the AIDS epidemic which is caused by the HIV virus. Discuss how viruses cause disease and use examples Determine how the viral particle will upset homeostasis.

View images of and discuss various viral particle shapes and anatomy. Discuss adenoviruses and their affects on human disease. Define the two types of viral infections, lyric infections and lysogenic infections. Discuss how virus particles infect a host cell in general, by injection of their genetic material. View diagram images of lyric infections by Bacteriophage virus particles. Discuss the 6 steps which occur in the infection and why infection is called a lytic infection.

Use a video to present the evolution of the genus Homo from inception to present day homo sapiens. The video presents the anatomical and sociological development from primitive Homo species to more advanced species. Specifics and generalities are presented and discussed, These will include cranial and brain size development as well as social interactions which will have occurred between overlapping species.

Introduce the discovery of viruses by discussing the damage to tobacco crops in the late 1890's. Outline the steps taken to try and discover the cause of the leaf yellowing and plant death. Online the procedures done over a period of 35 years to discover the cause, to no avail. Finally crystals were isolated and termed a virus, which is poison in Latin. Eventually a non living particle was isolated, and the name was left as a VIRUS

Discuss probable evolution from Australopithecus specie. List and discuss major characteristics. Introduce "Lucy", a fossil found in 1974 which belonged to the specie Australopithecus and view the fossil bones discovered. Lucy is still Ape like. Discuss the Homo species characteristics which separated Australo from Homo, including brain size, skeleton, flat face, smaller teeth and behavioral characteristics. Introduce the evolution of specie Homo Habilis with characteristics, Homo Ergaster, and Homo Erectusl. Discuss brain size, teeth, height, forehead length, thick facial bones and the ability to make tools.

Define and discuss arboreal and terrestrial groups. Define and discuss using images "wet nosed" and "dry nosed" sub groups. View images of each type. Differentiate between New World Monkeys and Old World Monkeys. Discuss Apes characteristics in general and specific characteristic of Lesser Apes and Great Apes. Outline specific characteristics of Gorillas, Chimps, Orangutans, and Great Ape Humans