In today's class, we finished our discussion on lewis structures by watching a video that recapped all that we had learned on them. We also did some practice problems where Andrew was given an element or compound and had to write out the appropriate lewis structure.
Outline how water will ionize into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions.
Indicate that this ionization occurs to very slight degree.
Recall that the presence of hydrogen ions indicates an acid, while the presence of hydroxide ions determines a base.
Elicit why water, if tested by a pH meter, is neutral. (pH 7)
Formulate why adding hydrogen chloride to the water will make it an acid, while adding sodium hydroxide will make it a base.
Recall that pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ion.
Continue with the chemistry of both Arrhenius acids and Arrhenius bases. Show on video how the hydrogen ions are released by acids, bond to water molecules and form hydronium ions. View how bases will dissociate to form hydroxide ions and become Arrhenius bases.
Discuss how pH is measured mathematically and define what pH is an actual measure of -
During today's Chemistry class, we studied how to list the total number of electrons needed to fully occupy each main energy level. We also stated the Aufbau principle.
In today's class, we continued our discussion on lewis structures, going over what they are and how to write them. Andrew took notes that followed along with the material and was able to do some practice problems to help him learn how to write these lewis structures.
Outline and discuss the ionization of water into hydrogen and hydroxide ions.
Discuss pH of water based on the concentration of both ions being equal
Introduce the concept of the hydronium ion forming when an acid is dissolved in water
Show the net ionization equation when a strong acid is mixed with a strong base, forming water and a salt.
Discuss the process of neutralization.
Review of ionization to form Arrhenius acids and bases.
Discussion of why some acids are stronger than others, based on ionization into concentration of hydrogen ions.
Discussion of why some bases are stronger than others, based on the concentration of hydroxide ions in solution.
During today's class, we listed the four quantum numbers and described their significance. We also related the number of sublevels corresponding to each of an atom's main energy levels, the number of orbitals per sublevel, and the number of orbitals per main energy level.