Discussion concentrating on water borne diseases. How water becomes contaminated, and is used for drinking due to lack of potable water. What are vectors, like mosquitos, flies, and ticks, and how they breed in contaminated water and spread disease. Cholera was examined specifically, what causes it, how it is spread, the dangers associated with it, and how to alleviate the spread.

Lesson outline remains the same from Tuesday

Lesson Outline is written on the outline for 1/25/2022

Biological hazards and the effects on human health are discussed.
The hazards discussed are not those caused by toxic chemicals but by organisms that carry disease. The outbreak of Covid-19 is used as an example of the proliferation of diseases that few people heard of as little as 30 years ago. Malaria, TB, yellow fever, and hookworm kill many more people today than they did 50 years ago, All are caused by organisms. Discuss how we have altered our environment in ways that encourage them to spread. Define and give examples of pathogens, as well as how they spread through the air, water, and by secondary hosts, like mosquitos. Define the term host, and print out a table which lists the most deadly infectious diseases worldwide. Have Ayden discuss why the number of deaths from respiratory infections is greater than deaths from
other diseases. Discuss waterborne diseases and the term vectors. Investigate cholera and malaria, their etiology, transmission, and disease affects.

Concentration on the pollution from human activities and their effect on human health. Human activities release thousands of types of chemicals into the environment. From this statement, a discussion of why we know surprisingly little about the health effects of most of them is undertaken. Recent improvements in the levels of some toxic chemicals, like nicotine, mercury and lead have led to lower blood levels and toxicity in humans. The reasons for reversals of some environmental regulations, along with the possible health effect on humans is presented for discussion. A reading that discusses how chemicals disrupt the hormones produced by the endocrine system, and the effects this has on reproductive development and the development of the fetus is also presented

The area of toxicology is reviewed and expanded on through the use of a video which discusses and explains the salient points of toxicology and the work of Paracelsus. The effect on human health of naturally occurring toxins in the environment is presented. The cause and affect of cholera, the work and findings of Dr. Snow in the mid 1800's in London, becoming the "first epidemiologist" was discussed. Asbestos and Mesothelioma is explained as particulate environmental toxin. The use and examination of an incident map is presented as a tool of the epidemiologist.

Discuss acid rain and the results of Tuesday's lab which dealt with the production of sulfur dioxide gas and acid rain.
Introduce and review the terms toxic, toxicology, and toxicity.
Define and explain the terms dose, therapeutic dose, and toxic dose. Use examples from everyday life. Describe how concentrations of toxic substances taken in small amounts is not poisonous, but in larger amounts can be toxic. Read the writing of Paracelsus from the 16th century, and his conclusion that "the dose makes the difference". Discuss the cumulative affects of toxins in the environment on the health of humans, and relate it to the readings of Silent Spring done in class.

Prior to the lab exercise, a discussion and review of acid rain, the affect on plants, water, animals, as well as on abiotic factors in the environment. The industrial revolutions affect on the atmospheric gases which cause acid rain is presented. The physical lab is then undertaken to show how this occurs, and to test for the presence of the acids in the rain water. The chemistry of the formation is presented as chemical equations.

Reading and discussion from "Silent Spring", The chapter specifically deals with how human health is affected by environmental toxins.

Introduce and discuss the indirect effects caused by disease spread and polluted water, including bacterial, viral and fungal effects. View how these indirect factors can affect both plant and animal organisms. Arrive at a workable definition for poor health. Introduce the term toxicology and relate it to toxin and toxicity. Recall the readings in "Silent Spring" which discuss the environmental effects of pesticides and herbicides on human health. Define the term "dose" and relate it to the slow poisoning of fish and birds as discovered by Rachel Carson. Talk about how much of Carson's predictions have come to fruition.