Discuss the historical use of alcohol, opium, cocaine, and morphine for analgesia and anesthesia. Explain how alcohol affects the different areas of the brain, starting from the cerebral cortex and working down to the medulla. Discuss endorphins and their ability to increase the production of dopamine, the "pleasure transmitter". Elicit a list of items which usually are associated with increased pleasure. Include items such as eating, chocolate, exercise, music, and meditation.