We examined the first two English colonies: Jamestown (1607) and Plymouth (1620) and contrasted them in terms of: the motivation for settlement; religious orientation; social structure; agricultural practices; labor systems; demographics and level of self-government. We also discussed the establishment of Maryland by George Calvert as a proprietary colony intended to serve as a Catholic refuge and its transition to a Protestant, crown colony. Lastly, we discussed the transition from White indentured servant labor to African slave labor in the Chesapeake as a result of: Bacon's Rebellion; increase in the cost of labor back in England and the immunity of African slaves to malaria.