Questions were left unanswered last Thursday, today they were answered in depth, with examples and diagrams.
The physiology of fungi which helps explain why the pharmacological treatment is difficult.
Discussion why they are opportunistic infections and why the prognosis correlates inversely with the time for accurate diagnosis.
View a video which reviews the main pathways taken by antibiotics leading to the elimination of bacteria. These pathways were all discussed in previous classes, and the video clarified understanding.
The remaining time is used to present the bacteriology, pharmacology, and treatment used for the 3 most common std infections.
Indicate and discuss the reason for initial broad spectrum antibiotic therapy, which will be adjusted after a culture and specificity screening. Explain how the culture is used to determine the bacteria and the specificity test is used to determine the most active antibiotic required.
Discuss minimum inhibitory concentration and elicit factors which might mitigate that concentration dosing.
Introduce nosocomial infections and why they are drug resistant and difficult to treat
Session Minutes
45
Minutes Student Attended
45
Lesson Comments
Nina takes notes as would a college student, from the written work aa well as the verbal.
Read and outline indicating an overview of bacterial infections, the anatomy and physiology of each, and the bacterial pathogen causing the disease.
Introduce bacterial DNA, how it is composed of nucleotides, the transcription of RNA from DNA, and the function of DNA.
Discuss how some antimicrobial drugs interfere with the faithful replication and segregation of bacterial DNA which then will kill or cause the bacteria to not reproduce.
Discuss topoisomerase enzymes, their functions and the inhibition of these enzymes by classes of antibiotics.
Session Minutes
45
Minutes Student Attended
45
Lesson Comments
This was Nina's scheduled class. It was our third class for the day.
Read and discuss an educational blog explaining the difference Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. Outline why the difference in staining occurs and how this affects antimicrobial use.
Session Minutes
45
Minutes Student Attended
45
Lesson Comments
This was also a substitute lesson for Andy's English class
Define bacteria using both a physiological and pathological definition.
Discuss both bacteriostatic and bactericidal drug effects on bacteria.
View and discuss the 3 major shapes of bacteria, along with the common diseases caused by some well known bacterial shapes.
Session Minutes
45
Minutes Student Attended
45
Lesson Comments
This was Nina's regularly scheduled class, the earlier one was as a substitute.
Present the goal of antimicrobial and antineoplastic drugs.
Outline how this is accomplished through attacking different target types.
Define and discuss unique and common targets.
Present how the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil is used
Discuss the therapeutic index of a drug, and its importance
Discuss how penicillin attacks the specific enzyme of bacteria which prevents the bacteria from synthesizing the cell wall.
This is specific to bacteria, and does not affect the host cell
Indicate that microbes and cancer cells are continually evolving.
Discuss the evolution being accomplished by genetic mutation, with survival of the fittest reproducing. Outline the history of penicillin resistant organisms developing due to overuse of the drug.
Discuss how infectious disease and malignant neoplasms are the deadliest afflictions in human society.
Present statistics for developed nations and developing nations, an outline the many non pharmacological strategies affective in combating infections and cancers
Session Minutes
45
Minutes Student Attended
45
Lesson Comments
Nina has great questions, always looking for more.
