Joshua read Chapter 33 in the Conceptual Physics

Define voltaic cells. Discuss that they all use product favored redox reactions to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Use a diagram of a typical voltaic cell to label and explain the chemical process which will occur in each half cell.

Use a series of equilibrium reactions to determine the reaction quotient and equilibrium expression. Compare both numbers. Analyze Which reactions have reached equilibrium and why. Determine in which direction the reaction must proceed in order to obtain equilibrium. List and discuss the effect of changing conditions on the equilibrium system. Use examples for each one.

Review and outline what is not included in the equilibrium expression. Use chemical reaction examples. Write the equilibrium expression for some examples of reactions. Analyze the reactions when the Keq is large, equals 1, or is small. Introduce the reaction quotient formula and compare it to the equilibrium formula.

Discuss the equilibrium constant and the rate quotient . Use the formula to determine the equilibrium constant for a given reaction given the initial concentrations and the change in concentration over time. Write the equilibrium expression for a generalized reaction at equilibrium. Discuss reactions which deviate from the normal equilibrium constant expression. These would include reactions which involve a solid and reactions which involve water as the solvent

Display and discuss a reaction in which a precipitate is formed and a gas is released into the atmosphere. Have Joshua write and balance the equation, and note the reactants and products. Describe the reverse reaction. Discuss the reaction which would happen in a closed container. List and discuss the results in the closed container. Define the reaction occurring until equilibrium is reached. Note no change occurs after equilibrium. List and discuss the 4 generalizations which occur with this reaction.Write, define and analyze th equilibrium constant for a given reaction

Define and discuss the function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction. Show an example of the conversion of cis-2-butene into trans-2-butene using a halogen atom. Show step by step how the catalyst is involved in speeding up the chemical reaction. Use print outs to aid the demonstration. Also discuss the effect of ozone on the environment. Determine how oxygen is converted to ozone by halogen carbonates. Discuss the harmful effects of UV radiation on skin and eyes caused by decreases in the ozone layer concentration due to chemicals like freon. Show how the freon decreases the ozone layer by catalyzing the decomposition reaction.

Define and discuss activation energy. Relate it to the minimum energy needed to react. Discuss the effects on the rate of reaction when activation energy is low and when it is high. Use example of Nitrogen dioxide combing with carbon monoxide to form nitrogen monoxide and carbon dioxide. View and analyze the reaction rate graph. Define on the graph the transition states, the activation energy and the heat of reaction. Show the difference between an endothemic and exothermic reaction graph.

Discuss the effect on the rate of reaction due to concentration increases of reactants. From graphs show how the rate is directly proportional to the concentration of reactant increases. Use the example of highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide which becomes violently explosive and decomposes at a rate which is too rapid to measure. Discuss why this is due to collision theory. Determine that the rate of decomposition can be shown by the formula rate=k(concentration). Show a graph plot. Analyze a second concentration v rate reaction

Demonstrate and discuss factors which influence the rate of a chemical reaction. Demonstrate effect of a catalyst, the effect of temperature and surface area. use lab demonstrations for each one. Discuss and analyze yesterday's lab of the iodine clock reaction. Present the two formulas used for each reaction and discuss.