Discuss the definition of an ester. Use structural formulas to show a general formula for an organic acid and alcohol. Sketch how the acid and alcohol combine chemically to form a new compound called an ester, show the dehydration reaction when formation occurs. Research on the computer a list of ester fragrances, along with their official names. Discuss a lab to demonstrate ester production and nomenclature.

View and discuss a video which helps to better comprehend how and why organic acids are found in nature. Discuss the formation of esters from alcohol and acid reactions, and their use in perfumes and medicinal to impart a fragrance.

Practice nomenclature of selected organic acids. Follow a listed procedure to correctly give the official name for some selected acids. View the structure of Benzoic acid and discuss the history and uses for Benzoic acid. View the structural formula for Salicylic acid. Note the presence of both an acid and alcohol group attached. Discuss the history and pharmacology uses for salicylic acid.
Introduce acetylsalicylic acid, note the change from salicylic acid and discuss the history and uses of aspirin. View the structure of acetaminophen (Tylenol) and discuss how the structural formula resembles that of aspirin. Compare analgesia and anti-inflammatory properties.

Discuss the functional group responsible for organic acid properties. Outline the carbonyl group.
List some common acids by common name and discuss their use. Discuss the general properties found among these acts, as well as some common uses. use 2 examples to outline the correct nomenclature, starting with the structural form of each.

Discuss alcohols as functional groups, and indicate that the hydroxyl group substituted for a hydrogen on an organic molecule will form an alcohol. using molecular models and whiteboard diagrams, discuss the nomenclature of the first three alkane alcohols as well as the isopropyl form. Indicate the molecular formulas, the structural formulas, the IUPAC names, the common names, and some frequently used common names.

Discuss halogen atoms substituted on alkane molecules as existing as function groups. Outline the different common halogen atoms substituting for an alkane hydrogen. Discuss some of the practical uses for these molecules.

Write a series of structural formulas on the board showing a number of halogen substituted alkanes. For each formula, arrive at the correct name for the compound. Indicate how to correctly write the names using carbon numbers, alkane name, and halogen replacement.
Introduce organic alcohols, their production in nature and correct nomenclature.

Define functional groups regarding organic compounds. Indicate that they always react in a certain way.. Functional groups include alcohols, ethers, amines, aldehydes, acids and esters. Examine compounds with halogen substitutions for a hydrogen atom in the molecule.
List common halogen substitutions. Example using methane with a single chlorine atom replacing a hydrogen atom. Discuss the nomenclature and commercial uses for this compound.

Watch YouTube Videos: 10.1 Stucture of Benzene approx 5 minutes
SCHU/Grade 12 Chemistry Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Discussion of practical uses of benzene as an industrial chemical and toxic/carcinogenic effects.

Construct model of benzene. Determine that it consists of 3 double bonds and is a cyclic structure.
Introduce Paulings concept of the movement of the electrons around the ring structure allowing th double bonds to rotate among carbon atoms. Introduce benzene as a major molecule in the production of organic compounds, especially organic medicinals.