Discuss the introduction of antiseptics in dentistry and surgery through the use of phenol, first used by Dr. Lister
Sketch the structural formula and discuss why the phenol differs from the alcohol, even though they both contain the OH radical group. Present some additions to the phenol molecule
Discuss properties of some common known acids and bases. Include chemical and physical properties such as
effect on limestone and marble, toxins secreted by ants, flavorings in drinks, stomach acid, the feel of bases, the use of bases as antacid treatment. Discuss the property of electrical conductivity and reaction to dyes like litmus.
Session Minutes
45
Minutes Student Attended
30
Lesson Comments
late to school, 12 minutes in rest room. Lab assignment not completed
Define a poly hydroxyl alcohol Sketch a structural formula for a di and try hydroxyl alcohol. Use propane as the alkane root. From the sketches determine the correct IUPAC name, along with all the common names used. Using glycerine as an example, determine the official chemical name and the common name(s). Determine what will happen if a glycerine molecule reacts with 3 nitric acid molecules. Sketch the compound formed and determine the name as try nitro glyerol, common name nitroglycerine. Discuss uses for nitroglycerine, as well as an important pharmacological use in treating heart conditions.
Discuss physical properties and chemical properties of some common acids, as well as acids used in the household. Discuss electrical conductivity, reaction with litmus and products formed when acids are reacted with metals and metal carbonates. Demonstrate and write chemical formulas for the reactions. Introduce the hydronium ion and the hydroxide ion concentrations which determine if a solution is acidic or basic
Define and discuss the Brondsted-Lowry model. Present acids as hydrogen ion donor and a base is represented by being a hydrogen ion acceptor. Show a typical formula as HX (an acid) + H20 (base) ---> H3O^+ + X^- Define and discuss conjugate acids and bases and a conjugate acid-base pair. Example by using hydrogen fluoride and determine why it is Bronsted-Lowry acid and what determines what the conjugate acid and Base molecule would be.
Define and discuss iso-propyl alcohol structural formulas. Sketch and discuss primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols structures Determine the nomenclature from from structure.
lab procedure to determine the water of hydration attached to a molecule of copper sulfate. All mole determinations are made based on the masses of hydrous and anhydrous copper sulfate. Moles are calculated and mole ratio determined. Formula for the hydrate is calculated.
Review the Arrhenius theory of acid and base definitions. Present few compounds of known acid and base substances. Determine from the formula what ions the compound will dissociate into. Based on the ions formed in solution, determine whether the compound is an Arrhenius acid or base. Present a series of compound dissociations and have the student explain why the compound is an acid or a base.
Review substitution group required for an alcohol. Show chemical reactions which are used to synthesis methyl alcohol from methane gas. Discuss each step; methane gas reacting with chlorine gas to form methyl chloride. Methyl chloride reacting with sodium hydroxide to form methyl alcohol. Introduce the fermentation reaction to produce ethyl alcohol from simple sugar, and write the complete reaction. Discuss the iso form of propyl alcohol.