Discussion through the use of graphs and diagrams how technology and efficient use of resources have increased agricultural output.
Discuss why even with the increased output their still exists lack of access to food, starvation, and its effects.
Definition of undernutrition, deprivation, and malnutrition.
Discuss food security and food insecurity, causes of famine and the physiological affects famine has on individuals, even if only for one insufficient vitamin.
Discussion of over nutrition which can also lead to malnutrition.
Examine the primary causes of undernutrition and malnutrition

Review and discuss answers to the completed questions for each module in the chapter.
Do the chapter 13 MCQ's in class. Research through the chapter to help arrive at the answers to the few questions for which there was doubt.

Discuss each of the non-renewable energy sources and if they are sustainable.
Elicit that the best approach is based on conservation and efficacy.
Discuss what a sustainable strategy should combine, what factors must this strategy take into account, and main considerations when switching from one source to another.
Discussion of the main limitations for electrical transmission from renewable source.
Discussion on improving the grid and existing infrastructure.

Sustainable approach must incorporate conservation of energy and efficiency of energy.
Discuss the different methods to "use less energy", both by individuals and by governments.
Discuss periods of peak demand, and what can be done to lower usage during peak demand.
Discuss a tiered system to increase conservation and lower demand.
Discuss ways to increase efficiency through changes in technology, use of energy star products and sustainable design housing.

Discuss electricity production by all fuels.
Introduce uranium-235 and discuss the fissionability of U-235.
View and explain a diagram of U-235 splitting into krypton and barium after the absorption of a neutron. Note the release of 3 neutrons from each split, which will create a chain reaction. Discuss the release of energy from each loss of mass.
Use a diagram of a nuclear reactor and explain the process by which the reaction releases heat and creates steam to turn the turbine.
Discuss the disadvantages of nuclear fuel as well as the advantages.
Introduce the concept of isotopes, particularly hydrogen isotopes.
Diagram how helium is produced by a fusion reaction between 2 isotopes of hydrogen.
Discuss the need for extreme heat to allow this to occur, much greater than that of the core of the Sun.
View a video explaining the process of fusion and the progress being made in cold fusion reactions.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of coal, oil, and natural gas as fuels.
Coal is most abundant. Advantages are:
energy dense, plentiful, easy to exploit, low cost, and little refinement.
Disadvantages: sub surface mining costs, impurities, air pollutants, particulates
Petroleum- liquid hydrocarbons which include oils, gas, and kerosene.
Discuss the advantages of crude oil for mobile fuel uses.
Discuss the disadvantages in extraction, pollution of air and water, leaks, and transport.
Examine natural gas as a fuel. How it is extracted, its energy density, transportation and burning problems.
View the fractioning of crude oil into a variety of products ranging from tar to gasoline.
Discuss the Hubbert curve and its implications.

Outline the pros and cons of using coal and/or petroleum as a fossil fuel.
Examine the types of coal, the methods of extraction, the cost, the energy density, the toxic particulates released, the greenhouse gases released, and the toxicty of the waste ash.
Outline the formation of petroleum from phytoplankton, the expense in drilling and piping and storage. The problems with leaks and drilling accidents.
Examine the energy density of oil and how it must be refined into gasoline, tar, kerosene and other fraction particles.
Discuss why the liquid form is suitable for combustion engines, but still produces greenhouse gasses, lead and mercury particulates as well as sulfur particulates

Evaluation of module 30 practice exam questions/
Evaluation of module 34 practice exam questions/
Discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of coal/
Definition of petroleum, and how it is formed/
Discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of petroleum use/
Discussion of the BP leak into the Gulf and the leak in Alaska caused by the Exxon Valdez accident/ Examine the numbers of aquatic and bird life which were killed/ Discuss energy to biomass from solid, to liquid, to gas.

Discus how different energy forms are more suited for a specific use. Example of high energy to mass ratio for liquid fuels to be used in internal combustion energines.
Discuss what enters into determining energy efficiency, and how to quantify energy efficiency.
Define EROEI and the formula to determine the EROEI for an energy source.
Indicate why the highest system efficiency is NOT always the most efficient product to use, the efficiency of the energy needed to produce the product must be taken into account.
Ex; electric water heaters ( efficiency 99%) and gas fired water heaters (efficiency 60%) The efficiency of the fuel to produce the electricity must be taken into account, along with the transmission and transforming.

Define and list non renewable energy sources-coal, oil, and natural gas.
Include nuclear fuel and explain that even though nuclear supply is finite, it will be around for a long time due to its low consumption.
Elicit and list problems with fossil fuel combustion, from extraction problems to air pollution.
Discuss the BP deep water explosion and the Exxon Valdez release in Alaska waters.
List the units of energy form the joule to the exajoule.
From pie charts and line graphs show the annual consumption world wide and per capita.
USA with 20% of the world's population uses 320 GJ per person compared to world wide usage of s75GJ/capita.
Discuss the change from subsistence energy sources to commercial energy sources as countries become more industrialized.