Discuss Gay-Lussac's law and the direct relationship between pressure and temperature of a gas. Solve a example problem. Introduce the combined gas law which relates the pressure, volume and temperature of a gas. Discuss Avogadro's principle which states that a mole of any gas will occupy 22.4liters at standard temperature and pressure. Solve example problems for both
Completion of the second half of the chemistry exam. After completion, explanation showing how to solve for the determination of water of hydration. Introduction to gas laws, beginning with Boyle's law. Examine the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas and create a graph
Discuss the laws which apply to most gases. Examine the effect of pressure on volume, temperature on volume, and pressure on pressure. These include Boyle's law, Charles law, and Gay-Lussac' law. Introduce and solve various problems which require the math. solving of these problems
Discuss dispersion forces, how they are formed between atoms and their strength. Examine how the dispersion forces increase between atoms as the atomic radii increase.
Examine dipole-dipole forces. Use examples and sketch the forces between two true dipoles. Elicit why these are stronger than dispersion forces.
Examine hydrogen bond forces. Discuss the formation between hydrogen and high electronegative atoms. Draw examples. Show how and why water is a liquid at STP while methane is a gas. Discuss the boiling point differences being due to water having strong hydrogen bonding and methane having no bonding.
Examine how the kinetic molecular theory helps to explain gas behavior. Discuss how it explains constant motion, low densities, compression and expansion, diffusion and effusion, along with Graham's law of effusion. Elicit a definition of gas pressure and list the different units it can be measured in.
Discuss the kinetic molecular theory as a way to explain the properties of gases. Explain the properties in terms of: particle size, particle motions, and particle energy. Introduce the KE formula. Examine how the theory helps explain the behavior of gases. These would include constant motion and low density. Introduce the density formula as a review.
Perform lab activity to Determine the water of hydration of a compound. From the measured results, determine the water of hydration experimentally and compare it to the actual. Introduce the concept of chemical reactions stopping and elicit some reasons why they will stop. Form the equation for a typical reaction between sulfur and chlorine, indicating the products formed and balance the equation. From a given amount of each reactant, determine which reactant based on mole ratio will become the limiting reactant to the reaction.
Review HW questions and correct where needed. Define hydrate, hydrous, anhydrate, and anhydrous. Use a diagram to show how polar water molecules will bind to positive and negative ions in solution, forming a water of crystallization. Outline how to determine the water of hydration experimentally. Present a problem which requires determination of the water of hydration given some basic experimental facts.
