We did "compare and contrast" studies of 3 different versions of two pieces of music, learning new music vocabulary along the way. I then taught Bella some more advanced 4-beat rhythms, which she performed, then improvised piano melodies to.

During the Industrial Revolution, the U.S. experienced a 3rd wave of immigration, ultimately representing a quarter of the population. These young, new immigrants represented many more nationalities, ethnicities and religions than ever before. Most Europeans passed through New York City, where the federal govt opened an immigration station, Ellis Island. Asians typically passed through Angel Island near San Francisco. Immigrants tended to stay close to their ports of entry, especially Northern population centers, often congregating in ethnic enclaves. Many Americans opposed their entry into the country; the Nativists. Federal restrictions began in 1875, and the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act soon barred immigration from China. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, industrialized cities faced major problems that the government and private charity were unable or unwilling to address. Social Darwinism did not want to assist people they felt were weak in an evolutionary sense. Reform Darwinism sought to assist at a societal level. The Social Gospel movement was a Protestant Christian effort to fill this void. Organizations like the YMCA and the Salvation Army wanted to meet the spiritual and physical needs of the urban working class. Settlement houses were staffed by middle-class women who hoped to share their education with the local poor. The Social Gospel movement merged into politics with the Progressive movement and into academics. We discussed attempts to fight corruption in politics (initiatives, referendums, recalls & the 17th Amendment), big business and journalists who exposed corruption - the "muckrakers." The fight for women's suffrage, the Temperance Movement and the passage of the 18th Amendment in 1919.

After the Civil War, things changed at a rapid speed in America. The waves of new immigrants increased the population and this led to the need for new changes. For instance, by 1914, more than 80% of children were enrolled in schools. Public education was particularly notable in high schools - but in many parts of the country, especially the South, the benefits of a public school education were not shared equally by everyone. We discussed the contribution of the 1862 Morrill Act, land-grant colleges and major donors to the growth of higher education in the U.S. We also discussed the establishment of HBCUs and the founding of prestigious Howard University in 1867. We covered Andrew Carnegie's efforts to establish public libraries, Joseph Pulitzer
and William Randolph Hearst's founding of major newspapers and the new sensational form of writing known as yellow journalism. Realism and regionalism were popular themes in literature from the writers Mark Twain, Stephen Crane, Jack London & Edith Wharton. We concluded with how the rise of leisure time impacted the arts, music and sports.

We read from " Where the Crawdad Sings", and discussed what we had read.

Bella continued reading, analyzing, and discussing Where the Crawdads Sing. She discussed the effect the character of Tate has on the life of Kya. She wrote to discuss the traits of Tate and how those traits change Kya's life. She reviewed her SAT vocabulary being studied.

Bella read from a different source about Florence today.

We talked about the similarities and differences in the sources. For instance, today's focused more on the mathematical knowledge that she had and applied.

Also, we went over words that Bella should have internalized by this point such as enfermera (nurse), Britanica (British), and the like.

Bella did a great job.

We did more practice problems where we converted between mole and representative particles.

We learned about the mole as the SI base unit for amount of a substance. We also learned about Avogadro's number.

We learned how to calculate the molar mass of compounds and use them to convert between moles and grams of compounds.

Bella worked independently on anything outstanding for her English class. We used the last 15 minutes of class to work on her art show submission.